Vitamin K
1.1 Vitamin K : ( Menadiol Acetate )
Uses :
- Prophylaxis and treatment of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
- Vitamin K is used to treat and prevent low levels of certain substances ( Blood Clotting factors ) that our body naturally produces.
- These substances help our blood to thicken and stop bleeding normally
Ex : After an accident cur or Injury.
- Low levels of blood clotting factors increase the risk for unusual bleeding.
- Vitamin K helps to treat and prevent unusual bleeding by increasing the body’s production of blood clotting factors.
Dosage :
Group
RDA
Infant 1 – 5 ug/kg for infant
Adult
0.03 ug/kg for adult
0 – 6 Months 5
Micrograms / Day
6 – 12 Months 10
Micrograms / Day
1 – 3 Years 15 Micrograms / Day
4 – 6 Years 20
Micrograms / Day
7 – 10 Years 30
Micrograms / Day
11 – 14 Years 45
Micrograms / Day
15 – 18 Years ( Girls ) 55 Micrograms / Day
19 – 24 Years ( Women ) 60 Micrograms / Day
25 Year above ( Women ) 65 Micrograms / Day
Pregnant Or Breast Feeding 65 Micrograms / Day
Indications :
- Hypoprothrombinemia
- Prophylaxis and treatment of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
- Hemmorrhage
- Hematuria
- Hemorrhagia
- Epistaxis
- Retinal Hemorrhage.
- Endoscopy procedures.
Contra Indications :
- Vitamin K can cause hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn.
- Hypersensitivity
Side Effects :
Nursing Responsibilities :
1.Monitor Vitals
2. Assess for the clotting time.
3. Assess the bleeding frequency.
4. Maintain I/O chart.
5. Asses the skin texture of the patient.
6. Assess for any side effect.
Blood clot formation or thrombosis is a
symptom of vitamin K toxicity. Since Vitamin K help to form clots that protect
from profuse bleeding, too much of it would cause excessive clotting.
Vitamin K IN Newborn
A. The newborn is at risk for hemorrhagic
disorders coagulation factors synthesized in the liver depend on vitamin K,
Which is not synthesized until intestinal bacteria are present.
B.
Newborns are deficient in vitamin k for
the first 5 to 8 days of life because of the lack of intestinal bacteria.
1.2 :
Use : Prophylaxis and treatment of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
1.3 Adverse
Reaction : Vitamin K can cause hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn.
1.4 Interventions
:
A. Protect
the medication from light.
B. Administer
during the early newborn period.
C. Administer
in the lateral aspect of the middle third of the vastus lateralis muscle of the
thigh.
D. Monitor
for bruising at the injection site and for bleeding from the cord.
E. Monitor
for jaundice and monitor the bilirubin level because the medication can cause
hyper bilirubinemia in the newborn.
01. Absorption of vitamin K is in presence of
A. Bile
B. Gastric juices
C. Insulin
D. None of the above.
Answer : A
02. Vitamin K function not occur due to
A. Heparin
B. Warfarin
C. Amidarone
D. Nitroglycerine
Answer : B
03. The dose of vitamin k given for neonate is
A. 0.5mg
04. Antidote for Vitamin K
A. Warfarrin
01. Absorption of vitamin K is in presence of
A. Bile
B. Gastric juices
C. Insulin
D. None of the above.
Answer : A
02. Vitamin K function not occur due to
A. Heparin
B. Warfarin
C. Amidarone
D. Nitroglycerine
Answer : B
03. The dose of vitamin k given for neonate is
A. 0.5mg
04. Antidote for Vitamin K
A. Warfarrin
05. In neonates the vitamin k given
A. Subcutaneous [ Lateral aspect of the middle third of the vastrus Thigh muscles ]
06. The route of Vitamin K administration in adult
A. Intravenous
