DOPAMINE

                                                    DOPAMINE

• It is naturally occuring orgainc amine.

Action :-

• It acts on alpha & beta adrenergic receptors. it additionally acts on dopaminergic  (D2) receptors in renal & mesentric blood vessels, dilates them.
• ON HEART : it has positive inotropic but little chronotropic effect.
• Iv infusion raises cardiac output & systolic BP, little effect on diastolic BP.

INDICATIONS :

• Hemodynamic imbalances present in shock syndrome caused by hypovolaemia,
• myocardial infarction,
• trauma.
• endotoxins
• septicaemia
• open heart surgery.
• acute renal failure & chronic cardiac decompensation in congestive failure.

DOSAGE :-

• ADULTS : 2-50 mcg.kg.min  can be increased upto 100 mcg/kg/min by slow iv infusion.
• CHILDREN : 2-20 mcg/kg/min.

CONTRA INDICATION :-

• pheochromocytoma
• uncorrected tachycardia
• ventricular fibrilation
• hyperthyroidisom

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS :

• Dopamine must be diluted before iv administraion. 
• hypovolamemia must be corrected before administrering.

SIDE EFFECTS :

• Nausea
• vomiting
• ectopic beats
• tachycardia
• anginal pain
• palpations
• hypotension
• dyspnoea
• headache
• vasoconstriction

DRUG INTERACTIONS :

• Anaesthetics may cause cardiac arrhythmias,
• MAOIs increases the effect of dopamin.

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